Sump pump gallons per minute 16 - 32 GPM means that a sump pump rated as such by manufacturers is capable of pumping 16 to 32 gallons per minute when going thru its pumping cycle.
Such a sump pump would reach 16 - 32 GPM if it pumps 4 to 8 times a minute. Generally the distance between the float ON and OFF point is 4 or 5 inches and one inch of water for an eighteen inch diameter basin equals one gallon of water. So 4 gallons pumped 4 times a minute would be equivalent to 16 gallons of water pumped per minute.
Water rises in the sump basin as it enters the pit by means of the drain tile that is placed below the surface of a homes perimeter and has a connecting pipe leading into the pit. When the water reaches the ON height for the float, the switch is engaged and electrical current flows to the motor and runs the pump which pushes the water from the basin up the vertical discharge pipe and to its predetermined destination. When the water recedes in the basin below the float OFF setting, the switch disengages, the electrical current no longer flows and the motor stops.
A sump pump capable of pumping 16 - 32 gallons per minute would go through the ON and OFF cycle 4 to 7 times per minute.
The next time there is a heavy rain fall, watch your sump pump in action. Note how many times it runs in one minute. If the pump barely keeps up with the water flowing into the pit, a 16 - 32 GPM sized pump is too small for your water pumping needs.
Here are the steps to help you choose the right size sump pump. This will tell you if 16 - 32 GPM Pump Performance is enough.
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16 -24 GPM or 1,000 - 1,499 GPH at 10 ft. Lift - 1/4 HP Submersible Sump Pumps
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